Since version 0.9, Docker includes its own component (called " libcontainer") to use virtualization facilities provided directly by the Linux kernel, in addition to using abstracted virtualization interfaces via libvirt, LXC and systemd-nspawn. The Linux kernel's support for namespaces mostly isolates an application's view of the operating environment, including process trees, network, user IDs and mounted file systems, while the kernel's cgroups provide resource limiting for memory and CPU.
A 2018 analysis found that a typical Docker use case involves running eight containers per host, and that a quarter of analyzed organizations run 18 or more per host. īecause Docker containers are lightweight, a single server or virtual machine can run several containers simultaneously. Docker on macOS uses a Linux virtual machine to run the containers. When running on Linux, Docker uses the resource isolation features of the Linux kernel (such as cgroups and kernel namespaces) and a union-capable file system (such as OverlayFS) to allow containers to run within a single Linux instance, avoiding the overhead of starting and maintaining virtual machines.
This enables the application to run in a variety of locations, such as on-premises, in public or private cloud. ĭocker can package an application and its dependencies in a virtual container that can run on any Linux, Windows, or macOS computer. Docker can use different interfaces to access virtualization features of the Linux kernel.
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